1) State the meaning of the term "BMI" 

 Body Mass Index (BMI) (1) 

 

2) Outline the two reasons why BMI is not whollistically accurate 

 there are limitations as women and men deposit weight in different ways and areas. (1) 

 

Furthermore, muscles have a heavier density than fat- they weigh more, BMI does not consider this. (1) 

 

3) Describe ONE reason why BMI is still used despite this

 

It is still used because it is a standard scale in which everyone fits. (1) 

 

 True or False

 

4)

 

a) Unsaturated Fatty acids can be either cis or trans isomers (T) (1) 

 

b) Unsaturated Fatty acids is ONLY a trans isomer

 

c) Saturated Fatty acids can be either cis or trans isomers. 

 

5) State the equation used to find the mass needed for storage 

 

 

(1) 

6) What is a monogram and how is it used? 

 

An alternative to calculating the BMI is a nomogram.

 

Using a ruler, a line is drawn from the body mass (weight) to the height of the person.

 

The BMI of the person can be seen from where it intersects the W/HT line. (Figure A)  (2) 

 

 

8) Suggest two ways an obese person could reduce their body mass (2)

Reduce their nutritonal intake/ diet/ reduce the intake of lipids/; excercise/increase activity levels 

 

9) What range of numbers is defined as being overweight? 

30.0 and above (1) 

 

10) What range of numbers is defined as being "normal"?

 

 18.5 - 24.9 (1) 

 

11) Provide ONE question which would be used to evaluate the effectiveness of a health claim?

(note you do not have to recall the question word for word, outline the main motive of the question if you can not remember it) 

 

 

•Is there a (negative or positive) correlation between intake of the lipid being investigated and rate of the disease or the health benefit?

•

•If instead mean values are being compared how different are they? Has this difference been assessed statistically?

•

•How widely spread is the data? 

 

 

Was the measure of the health a valid one? e.g. cholesterol levels in blood are more informative than body mass index

•How large was the sample size? Larger samples are more reliable.

•Does the sample reflect the population as a whole or just a particular sex, age, state of health, lifestyle or ethnic background?

•Was the data gathered from human or animal trials? If only done of animals how applicable are the findings?

•Were all the important control variables, e.g. level of activity, effectively controlled?

•Were the levels and frequency of the lipids (or substance studied) intake realistic?

•How rigorous were the methods used to gather data? e.g. If only a survey was used how truthful were the respondents?

(1) 

 

12) Define Adipose Tissue 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1) 

 

13) Define "Lipid" 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(2) 

14) What is the function of "glycogen"?

 

Glycogen can be broken down to glucose quickly. 

Subsequently it is transported easily via the blood to where it is required. 

 

Glucose can be utlized in either aerobic cell resiration or anaerobic cell respiration.  (1) 

 

15) Outline why lipids are more suitable for energy storage than carbohydrates in humans? 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(2)

 

 

16) What are ob/ob mice? 

 

Ob/ob = this refers to the mutations which take place in the gene for leptin which is a hormone leptin. Mice which acquire this mutation. (1) 

 

17) Define "clinical obesity" 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1) 

 

18) Describe what a triglyceride is

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(3) 

 

19) What does the abbreviation CHD stand for?

 

Coronary heart disease (1) 

 

 

20) Outline the function of coronary arteries (1)